THE ROLE OF FRACTIONATION ADDING DIFFERENT LEVELS OF PHOSPHATE FERTILIZER (DAP) IN THE PROPERTIES OF GROWTH AND PRODUCTIVITY OF BARLEY CROP HORDEUM VULGARE L.

Abstract

The field experiment was conducted during the winter season 2020-2021 at AlHartha Research Station of the College of Agriculture, University of Basra. To study the effect of phosphate fertilizer levels (P0, P1, P2, P3) kg P ha-1 , added in the form of Diammonium Phosphate (DAP) fertilizer and three times for adding; once when planting (m1), the second two batches, 0.5 quantity at planting and 0.5 after a month from germination (m2), and third 0.33 quantity at planting and 0.33 after a month from the germination and 0.33 in the spike stage (m3) on the growth and yield of barley Hordeum Vulgar L. The study was carried out as a factorial experiment using a randomized complete block design (R.C.B.D) with three replicates, the area of the experimental unit is 3 * 3 m2 . The plant samples were collected during four stages of plant growth, which included tillering (S1), elongation (S2), spike (S3), and full maturity (S4). The plant samples were dried at 65° C until the weight was stable and their dry weight was recorded. The plant samples were ground, and the phosphorus concentration absorbed phosphorus and recovered phosphorous were estimated. The weight of 1000 grains, grain yield, and biological yield at harvest was measured. The results showed that the level (P3) was superior by giving the highest average of dry weight, absorbed phosphorous, weight of 1000 grains, grain yield, and biological yield. The results also showed the superiority of the date of addition in three batches (m3) by giving the highest average of dry weight, absorbed phosphorous, weight of 1000 grains, grain yield, and biological yield. As for the effect of interactions between levels and dates of addition, the level achieved 90 kg P ha-1 (P3) with the addition in three batches (m3) by giving the highest grain yield, biological yield, weight of 1000 grains, dry weight and uptake phosphorous. As for the triple interaction between growth stages, phosphorous levels, and dates of addition, the level (P3) for the elongation and addition stage was given in three batches, the highest dry weight and absorbed phosphorous.