EFFECT OF DIFFERENT PLANTING DATES AND POTASSIUM AND PROLINE SPRAYING ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF FABA BEAN (VICIA FABA L.)
Keywords:
Bean, planting, potassiumAbstract
The field experiment was conducted at the Agricultural Research Station affiliated with the College of Agriculture, University of Basrah, during the winter agricultural season 2022-2023 in soil with a mixed clay-silt texture. The experiment aimed to study the effect of three planting dates (October 1, mid-October and November 1), represented by the symbols D3, D2, and D1, respectively, and spraying with four levels of potassium sulfate (3000, 2000, 1000, and 0 mg L-1) and proline acid (150, 100, 50, and 0 mg L-1), represented by the symbols T3, T2, T1, and T0, respectively. A factorial experiment was conducted using the Complete Randomized Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Some physiological properties, different growth characteristics, yield characteristics, and some qualitative characteristics were studied. The results showed that the second planting date was superior in most of the studied traits, recording the highest average for plant height, number of branches, number of leaves, number of seeds per pod, 100-seed weight, and individual plant yield, with values of 99.61 cm, 8.64 branches plant-1, 77.06 leaves plant-1, 4.84 seeds pod-1, 124.74 g, and 75.36 g, respectively. On the other hand, the first planting date recorded the highest average for the number of pods, which amounted to 14.76 pods plant-1. The results also showed that the potassium-proline combination at treatment T3 was superior in all the studied traits, giving the highest average for plant height, number of branches, number of leaves, number of pods, number of seeds per pod, 100-seed weight, and individual plant yield, with values of 107.57 cm, 9.01 branches plant-1, 76.69 leaves plant-1, 14.40 pods plant-1, 5.22 seeds pod-1, 124.39 g, and 94.04 g, respectively. The interaction between the factors affected most of the studied traits, and treatment D2T3 gave the highest average for plant height, number of branches, number of leaves, number of seeds per pod, and 100-seed weight, with values of 120.34 cm, 10.49 branches plant-1 , 87.60 leaves plant-1 , 13.83 pods plant-1 , and 5.69 seeds pod-1 , respectively.
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