THE IMPORTANCE OF PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN PRE-TRIAL PROCEEDINGS

Abstract

Cigarette smoking is associated with a variety of disorders via effecting various processes, factors, and mechanisms. This study aimed to inspect the differences in renal function tests, liver enzymes, and serum electrolytes among smokers and non-smokers in Iraqi males. In this study, 75 specimens were collected, during the period between January to March 2024, from Males who attended the private clinical laboratory at Al-Anbar province, Iraq. There was slightly increased in blood urea level among smokers (27.51±9.78 mg/dl) compared to the non-smokers (23.82±5.23 years), but it was not significantly, with a p-value of 0.08>0.05. While serum creatinine was significantly increased among smokers (0.73±0.24 mg/dl) compared to the nonsmokers (0.63±0.13 years), with a p-value of 0.05. When comparing smokers to non-smokers, the levels of both AST and ALT are higher in smokers. Regarding electrolytes, there was not significant increase in potassium (K), and not significant decrease in Chloride (Cl), sodium (Na), magnesium (Mg) levels among smokers compared to non-smokers